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1.
Hum Pathol ; 144: 77-82, 2024 Feb.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38278449

RESUMO

Histological grade and depth of invasion are among the best outcome pathological predictors in penile cancer. The TNM system is based on a combination of both for some stages. It is assumed that high-grade and deep tumors carry the worst prognosis, and the opposite occurs with superficial and low-grade neoplasms. However, there is no systematic evaluation of the phenomenon. We studied 147 patients from the Hospital de Oncologia - Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social (period 2000 to 2013). They were treated by total or partial penectomies. Lymph node involvement was evaluated by bilateral inguinal node dissection (126 cases) or ultrasonography (21 cases). Tumor thickness was measured in mm from tumor surface to deepest invasion point, using a cut-point for superficial (≤10 mm) vs deep (>10 mm) tumors. Histological grade was from 1 to 3 according to WHO and AFIP criteria and considering G1 and G2 as low-grade and G3 as high-grade. Average age was 62 (26-98) years old. Tumor thickness mean was 15 mm (2-30 mm). G1, G2 and G3 tumors corresponded to 19 (13 %), 48 (33 %), and 80 (54 %) cases, respectively. Follow-up ranged from 10 to 82 months (median: 57 months). Fifty-three (36 %) patients died of disease. There was an overall correlation of tumor thickness and grade in most of the cases. Low-grade tumors were encountered in 92 % (12/13 cases) of superficial tumors. Deep tumors showed high-grade in 75 % of cases (73/97 cases). Superficial tumors with low histological grade had negative inguinal nodes and no mortality whereas deep tumors showing high histological grade were associated with high metastatic risk to lymph nodes (62/73 cases) and mortality (52/73 cases). Out of 24 deep tumors with low histological grade, seven had nodal spread (29 %) but only one died of disease. No outcome difference was found in HPV associated vs HPV independent tumors. Tumor thickness and grade are important synergistic and predictive pathological factors in relation to prognosis.


Assuntos
Carcinoma de Células Escamosas , Linfadenopatia , Infecções por Papillomavirus , Neoplasias Penianas , Masculino , Humanos , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Adulto , Idoso , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Neoplasias Penianas/cirurgia , Carcinoma de Células Escamosas/patologia , Infecções por Papillomavirus/patologia , Metástase Linfática/patologia , Linfonodos/patologia , Excisão de Linfonodo , Prognóstico , Linfadenopatia/patologia
2.
An. Fac. Cienc. Méd. (Asunción) ; 54(1): 83-92, 20210000.
Artigo em Espanhol | LILACS | ID: biblio-1178636

RESUMO

Introducción: Las nuevas tecnologías son aquellos medios de comunicación que van surgiendo de los avances de la electrónica y herramientas conceptuales. El impacto de TIC en la investigación en Paraguay no es muy evidente, dejando la investigación en vías de desarrollo. Objetivos: Establecer los factores tecnológicos y educativos más frecuentes e influyentes de los estudiantes de la Universidad Nacional de Asunción. Materiales y métodos: Estudio observacional descriptivo, corte transversal, muestreo no probabilístico por conveniencia, entre abril a mayo del 2018 en la Universidad Nacional de Asunción. Se consideró una p<0,05 como significativa. Resultados: Edades entre 18 a 30 años (22,04±2,25); sexo femenino 61,1 % (210); Gran Asunción 56,9 % (196). Factores tecnológico- educativos más frecuentes fueron no poseer grupo de estudio en 79,9 % (275); inglés básico con 35,5 % (122). Pertenencia de computadora portátil (89 %), internet inalámbrico (79 %), teléfono inteligente (92 %). 10,19 horas promedio de acceso a internet diario. Uso de Google, Google Académico y SciELO. Conclusión: Es necesario demostrar la relevancia de la incorporación de las TIC en la educación de los universitarios del área de la salud y su beneficio del desarrollo personal y profesional. Se señala la importancia de la educación a nivel regional y local.


Introduction: New technologies are those sources of communication that are emerging from advances in electronics and conceptual tools. The impact of ICT on research in Paraguay is not very evident, leaving research under development. Objectives: To establish the most frequent and influential technological and educational factors of the students of the Universidad Nacional de Asunción. Materials and methods: Descriptive observational study, cross-sectional, non-probabilistic sampling for convenience, between April to May 2018 at the Universidad Nacional de Asunción. A p <0.05 was considered significant. Results: Ages between 18 to 30 years (22.04 ± 2.25); female sex 61.1% (210); Great Asunción 56.9% (196). The most frequent technological-educational factors were not having a study group in 79.9% (275); Basic English with 35.5% (122). Ownership of laptop (89%), wireless internet (79%), smartphone (92%). 10.19 average hours of daily internet access. Use of Google, Google Scholar and SciELO. Conclusion: It is necessary to demonstrate the relevance of the incorporation of ICT in the education of university students in the health area and its benefit for personal and professional development. The importance of education at regional and local level is pointed out.


Assuntos
Saúde , Pesquisa , Estudantes , Smartphone
3.
An. Fac. Cienc. Méd. (Asunción) ; 53(2): 47-52, 20200800.
Artigo em Espanhol | LILACS | ID: biblio-1119408

RESUMO

Introducción: El desarrollo científico es considerado un componente de la educación médica debido a la implicancia de la investigación en la formación profesional, no existe verdadera educación superior sin investigación activa. Objetivo: Analizar la percepción de los estudiantes de medicina de Latinoamérica sobre la capacitación universitaria en investigación científica. Materiales y métodos: Se realizó un estudio observacional, descriptivo, de corte transversal, donde fueron incluidos 488 estudiantes de medicina de doce países de Latinoamérica. Se aplicó una encuesta estructurada mediante un formulario en línea de 10 preguntas, dividida en dos secciones: la primera, con las variables sociodemográficas, y la segunda, sobre la percepción de la capacitación estudiantil con una escala tipo Likert de cinco valores categóricos. Resultados: La edad estuvo comprendida de 17 a 34 años con una media de 22,34 años y un desvió estándar de 2.76, El 99,8% consideró importante la capacitación universitaria en temas de investigación científica. Conclusión: La mayoría de los estudiantes consideró importante recibir capacitación en sus universidades en temas como lectura crítica, redacción científica, búsqueda bibliográfica, metodología de la investigación y bioestadística. En general, la percepción sobre la capacitación recibida fue de regular a deficiente.


Introduction: Scientific development is considered a component of medical education, due to the implication of research to professional training there is no truly higher education without active research. Objectives: To analyze the perception of medical students in Latin America about university training in scientific research. Materials and methods: An observational, descriptive, cross-sectional study was conducted where 488 medical students from 12 Latin American countries were included. A structured questionnaire was applied using an online form of 10 questions, divided into two sections: the first one with the sociodemographic variables, and the second one about the perception of student training with a Likert scale of five categorical values. Results: The age ranged from 17 to 34 years with an average of 22.34 years and a standard deviation of 2.76. 99.8% considered important university training in scientific research topics. Conclusion: The majority of students consider it important to receive training in their universities on topics such as critical reading, scientific writing, bibliographic search, research methodology and biostatistics. In general, the perception of the training received is from regular to deficient.


Assuntos
Educação Médica , Estudantes de Medicina , Inquéritos e Questionários , Tutoria
4.
Rev. cientif. cienc. med ; 23(2): 166-174, 2020. tab.
Artigo em Espanhol | LILACS | ID: biblio-1358294

RESUMO

INTRODUCCIÓN: La terapia antirretroviral de gran actividad (TARGA) es la base del tratamiento de pacientes con infección por el virus de la inmunodeficiencia humana (VIH) y, hoy en día, la principal preocupación en relación con el control del VIH constituye la adherencia efectiva al tratamiento, para un tratamiento efectivo y una apropiada evaluación de los regímenes terapéuticos para poder realizar medidas correctivas y estratégicas. OBJETIVO: Identificar los factores asociados a la falta de adherencia al tratamiento antirretroviral en pacientes infectados con VIH que acuden al Hospital Nacional de Itauguá, septiembre 2016. MÉTODOS: Estudio observacional, analítico, corte transversal, muestreo no probabilístico de casos consecutivos. Se incluyeron 42 pacientes infectados con VIH con tratamiento antirretroviral en el Hospital Nacional de Itauguá. Se utilizó encuesta demográfica y cuestionario SMAQ para evaluar la adherencia al tratamiento, para el análisis se realizó la prueba Odds Ratio (OR) y se consideró una p<0,05 como significativa. RESULTADOS: Un total de 36 pacientes (86%) no son adherentes a su tratamiento. Se encontró una asociación significativa con presencia de efectos adversos (OR: 8,29, IC95%: 1,25-54,71, p=0,044) y el olvido de la toma de la medicación durante el fin de semana (OR: 28,82, IC95%: 1,45-556,1, p=0,003). CONCLUSIÓN: La tasa de falta de adherencia al tratamiento antirretroviral de los pacientes fue alta, y los factores asociados fueron la presencia de efectos adversos y el olvido de la toma de la medicación los fines de semana.


BACKGROUND: highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) is the basis of treatment for patients with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection and, today, the main concern regarding HIV control is effective adherence to treatment, for effective treatment and appropriate evaluation of therapeutic regimens in order to carry out corrective and strategic measures. AIM: identify the associated factors to the lack of adherence to antiretroviral treatment in HIV patients that attend to the National Hospital of Itauguá on September 2016 METHODS: observational and analytical study, transverse cut, non-probabilistic sampling of consecutive cases. The study included 42 HIV patients under antiretroviral treatment of the Itaugua National Hospital. It used a demographic questionnaire and the SMAQ test to evaluate the treatment adherence. For data analysis, it was used Odd Ratio and p<0,05 was considered as significant. RESULTS: 36 patients (86%) showed non-adherence to their treatment. It was found a significant association with adverse effects presence (OR: 8.29, IC95%: 1.25-54.71, p=0.044) and forgetting to take their medicine on weekends (OR: 28.82, IC95%: 1.45-556.1, p=0.003). CONCLUSION: the rate of non-adherence to antiretroviral treatment in patients was high, and the associated factors were the presence of adverse effects and forgetting to take the medication on weekends.


Assuntos
Terapia Antirretroviral de Alta Atividade , HIV , Cooperação e Adesão ao Tratamento
5.
Rev. cientif. cienc. med ; 23(2): 175-183, 2020. tab.
Artigo em Espanhol | LILACS | ID: biblio-1358298

RESUMO

INTRODUCCIÓN: el trasplante de órganos es considerado el avance más significativo de la medicina moderna. Paraguay es uno de los países con las tasas más bajas de donación de órganos, alcanzando 7 donaciones por millón de personas. OBJETIVO: determinar los factores psicosociales que influyen en la actitud de estudiantes de Medicina paraguayos de una universidad pública hacia la donación de órganos. MATERIALES Y MÉTODOS: el estudio fue observacional analítico de corte transversal y muestreo no probabilístico por conveniencia entre abril a junio del 2017 en la Universidad Nacional de Asunción (Paraguay). RESULTADOS: los factores más frecuentes e influyentes fueron, un 37,6% (105) que manifestó informarse mediante Internet; consideran escasa la información sobre trasplantes en 61,6% (172); conscientes de la falta de órganos en 87,8% (245); aprobación de la donación pero sin estar registrados en las instituciones vinculadas por 86,37% (241). Asociación de estado civil, concepto de muerte encefálica y autopsia con la experiencia previa/favor/contra de la donación, alcanzaron valores significativos (p<0,05). CONCLUSIÓN: el estado civil, concepto de muerte encefálica y autopsia son factores influyentes y favorables en las actitudes sobre la donación en estudiantes de Medicina del Paraguay.


BACKGROUND: organ transplantation is considered the most significant advance in modern medicine. Paraguay is one of the countries with the lowest rates of organ donation, reaching 7 donators per million people. AIM: to determine the psychosocial factors that influence the attitude of Paraguayan medical students of a public university towards organ donation. METHODS: the study was cross-sectional analytical observational and non-probabilistic convenience sampling between April and June 2017 at the National University of Asunción (Paraguay). p<0.05 was considered as significant. RESULTS: 279 cases were analyzed; age rank between 18 and 30 years old (21.75 ± 2.12); female participation was greater 70.3% (196). The most frequent and influential factors were 37.6% (105) who reported being informed using the internet; 61.6% (172) consider information about organ transplant insufficient; they are aware of the lack of organ donators in 87.8% (245); they approve the organ donation, despite of being unregistered in the related institutions, about 86.37% (241). There is an association of marital status, concept of brain death and autopsy with previous experience / being in favor / being against donation (p<0.05). CONCLUSION: marital status, concept of brain death and autopsy are influential and favorable factors in attitudes about donation in medical students of Paraguay.


Assuntos
Humanos , Adolescente , Adulto , Doações , Associação , Estudantes de Medicina , Morte Encefálica
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